How To Plant Boxwood Hedge [ Full Guide ]

October 8, 2024
/ Planting Tips

Boxwood hedges are a beautiful and classic addition to any garden or landscape. Their lush evergreen leaves and compact, dense growth make them perfect for creating formal borders, defining garden spaces, or adding structure to your outdoor area. Planting boxwood hedges requires careful consideration of the variety of boxwood, location, soil preparation, and planting techniques. In this comprehensive guide, we will walk you through the step-by-step process of successfully planting boxwood hedges to create an elegant and timeless addition to your outdoor space.

Quick Answer: How To Plant Boxwood Hedge

Before we delve into the detailed steps, here’s a quick overview of how to plant boxwood hedge:

Select the Ideal Boxwood Varieties: Choose the right type of boxwood based on your specific needs and the growing conditions in your area.
Choose the Right Location for Planting: Select a suitable location that provides the necessary sunlight, soil drainage, and space for the boxwood hedge to thrive.
Soil Preparation for Boxwood Hedges: Prepare the soil by testing and amending it to ensure optimal growing conditions for the boxwood plants.
Planting the Boxwood Hedge: Dig the planting holes, space the boxwood plants appropriately, and ensure proper planting depth and technique.
Watering and Mulching: After planting, water the boxwood hedge thoroughly and apply a layer of mulch to retain moisture and suppress weed growth.
Routine Care and Maintenance: Establish a regular watering schedule, monitor for pests and diseases, and provide necessary pruning to maintain the health and shape of the boxwood hedge.

Now, let’s explore each step in more detail to ensure the successful establishment of a beautiful boxwood hedge in your garden or landscape.

Selecting The Ideal Boxwood Varieties

Before planting a boxwood hedge, it’s important to select the right variety of boxwood for your specific needs and growing conditions. Boxwoods come in a variety of sizes, growth habits, and leaf shapes, so you’ll want to consider the following factors when choosing the ideal boxwood varieties:

Growth Habit And Size

Boxwoods can range from compact, low-growing varieties to taller, upright cultivars. Consider the ultimate height and width of the boxwood hedge you desire, as well as the specific growth habit (rounded, pyramidal, or spreading) that will best complement your landscape design.

Some popular boxwood varieties for hedges include:

Buxus sempervirens ‘Suffruticosa’ (English Boxwood): A classic choice for low hedges, with small, dense foliage.
Buxus microphylla var. koreana ‘Wintergreen’ (Wintergreen Boxwood): An excellent cold-hardy option with attractive dark green foliage.
Buxus sempervirens ‘Green Velvet’ (Green Velvet Boxwood): A compact, rounded cultivar with glossy dark green leaves.

Light Requirements

Consider the amount of sunlight the selected boxwood varieties prefer. While most boxwoods appreciate partial shade to full sun, some varieties may tolerate more shade than others. Ensure that the planting location can provide the appropriate light conditions for the chosen boxwood hedge.

Climate Compatibility

Take into account the climate and hardiness zone in which you live. Some boxwood varieties may be more suitable for colder regions, while others perform better in warmer climates. Select a variety that is well-suited to the temperature and weather patterns in your area to ensure the hedge’s long-term success.

Foliage Characteristics

Pay attention to the leaf size, color, and texture of the boxwood varieties. Some may have smaller leaves and a finer texture, while others exhibit a darker green color or a more vibrant appearance. Consider how the foliage of the chosen boxwood varieties will complement the overall aesthetics of your garden or landscape.

When selecting boxwood varieties for your hedge, it’s essential to consider the specific requirements of your planting site, such as sunlight exposure, soil conditions, and climate. Consult with local nurseries or garden centers to find boxwood varieties that are well-suited to your region and meet your design preferences.

Once you have chosen the ideal boxwood varieties for your hedge, it’s time to focus on selecting the right location for planting.

Choosing The Right Location For Planting

The success of a boxwood hedge largely depends on selecting an appropriate location that meets the plant’s sunlight, soil, and spacing requirements. Here are the key considerations for choosing the right location for planting your boxwood hedge:

Sunlight Exposure

Boxwoods generally thrive in partial shade to full sun, although some varieties may tolerate more shade than others. When selecting a location for your boxwood hedge, assess the amount of sunlight the area receives throughout the day. Aim to plant the hedge in a spot that provides adequate sunlight for healthy growth without subjecting the plants to excessively harsh or intense sun exposure.

Soil Drainage

Good soil drainage is crucial for the health and vigor of boxwood plants. Avoid planting in areas prone to standing water or waterlogged soil, as this can lead to root rot and other moisture-related issues. Test the soil drainage by conducting a percolation test or observing how quickly water infiltrates the ground. Choose a location with well-draining soil to prevent waterlogged conditions that could harm the boxwood hedge.

Air Circulation

Ensuring proper air circulation around the boxwood hedge is important for reducing the risk of fungal diseases and promoting overall plant health. Avoid planting boxwoods in areas with persistent, stagnant air or where the plants may be overcrowded and unable to receive adequate airflow. Planting the hedge in a location that allows for good air movement can help prevent disease issues and promote strong, robust growth.

Space Availability

Consider the ultimate size of the boxwood hedge and allocate sufficient space for the plants to grow and develop. Plan for the proper spacing between individual boxwood plants based on the selected variety’s mature width, and avoid overcrowding the hedge. Adequate spacing allows for healthy growth, reduces competition for resources, and facilitates easier maintenance and pruning in the future.

Aesthetic And Functional Considerations

Take into account the visual impact and functional aspects of the boxwood hedge within the broader landscape. Consider how the hedge will contribute to the overall design, serve as a boundary or backdrop, or create distinct garden areas. Choose a planting location that aligns with your landscape design goals and enhances the aesthetic appeal of the outdoor space.

By carefully evaluating these factors, you can select an optimal location that provides the necessary growing conditions for a thriving boxwood hedge. Once you have identified the ideal planting site, the next step is to prepare the soil to create a favorable environment for the boxwood plants.

Soil Preparation For Boxwood Hedges

Proper soil preparation is critical for establishing a healthy and robust boxwood hedge. By testing and amending the soil as needed, you can create an environment that promotes strong root development, nutrient uptake, and overall plant vitality. Here’s how to prepare the soil for planting boxwood hedges:

Soil Testing

Before planting, conduct a soil test to assess the pH level and nutrient content of the soil. Soil testing kits are readily available at garden centers and can provide valuable insights into the soil’s characteristics. Most boxwood plants prefer a slightly acidic to neutral pH range (around 6.0-7.5), so adjusting the soil pH may be necessary if it falls outside of the preferred range.

Amending The Soil

Based on the results of the soil test, amend the soil as needed to optimize growing conditions for the boxwood hedge. Common soil amendments include:

Organic Matter: Incorporate well-decomposed compost, leaf mold, or organic matter into the soil to improve its structure, water retention, and nutrient content.
Adjusting pH: If the soil pH is too low (acidic) or too high (alkaline), amend the soil with materials such as lime (to raise pH) or elemental sulfur (to lower pH) to achieve the desired pH range for boxwood growth.
Nutrient Supplements: Depending on the nutrient deficiencies identified in the soil test, add appropriate fertilizer or organic amendments to supply essential nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium.

Soil Structure And Texture

Evaluate the soil’s structure and texture to ensure it provides a favorable growing medium for the boxwood plants. Soil should be well-drained, loose, and friable, allowing for adequate root penetration and water infiltration. If the soil is excessively compacted or heavy, consider incorporating organic matter or gypsum to improve its structure and porosity.

Clearing And Leveling

Clear the planting area of any debris, rocks, or weeds, and ensure that the ground is level and free of obstructions. A smooth, even planting surface facilitates uniform planting depth and proper establishment of the boxwood hedge. Be mindful of any existing underground utilities or structures when preparing the planting site.

By diligently preparing the soil and creating an optimal growing environment, you can set the stage for successful boxwood hedge establishment and long-term growth. With the soil ready, it’s time to proceed with the actual planting of the boxwood hedge.

Planting The Boxwood Hedge

The process of planting a boxwood hedge involves careful attention to spacing, depth, and planting technique to ensure the best start for the young plants. Follow these step-by-step guidelines for planting a boxwood hedge:

1. Digging Planting Holes

Using a shovel or spade, dig individual planting holes for the boxwood plants. The size of the planting holes should accommodate the root balls of the boxwoods and provide ample space for root expansion. The holes should be approximately twice as wide as the root ball but only as deep.

2. Spacing The Boxwood Plants

Space the boxwood plants according to the selected variety’s mature width and the desired hedge density. Proper spacing ensures that the plants have adequate room to grow and fill in the hedge, preventing overcrowding and reducing competition for resources. Refer to the specific spacing recommendations for the chosen boxwood variety, typically ranging from 1 to 3 feet apart for hedge applications.

3. Planting Depth

When placing the boxwood plants in the prepared holes, position them at the same depth as they were in the nursery containers or burlap-wrapped root balls. Avoid planting the boxwoods too deeply, as this can lead to root suffocation and poor establishment. The top of the root ball should be level with the surrounding soil surface.

4. Backfilling And Soil Compaction

Carefully backfill the planting holes with the excavated soil, gently firming the soil around the root ball to eliminate air pockets. Avoid excessive compaction, as overly compacted soil can hinder root growth and water infiltration. Ensuring good soil-to-root contact promotes efficient establishment and root development.

5. Watering

After planting, thoroughly water the boxwood hedge to settle the soil around the roots and provide essential moisture for the newly installed plants. Adequate watering is crucial for helping the boxwoods acclimate to their new environment and promoting initial root growth. Monitor soil moisture levels in the weeks following planting and adjust watering as needed to keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged.

6. Mulching

Apply a layer of organic mulch, such as shredded bark or wood chips, around the base of the boxwood hedge. Mulch helps conserve soil moisture, suppress weed growth, and moderate soil temperature fluctuations. Maintain a mulch layer of 2-3 inches, keeping the mulch several inches away from the plant stems to prevent moisture-related issues and trunk rot.

7. Staking (if Necessary)

In some cases, particularly with larger or more upright boxwood varieties, staking may be necessary to provide initial support and stability for the newly planted hedge. Secure the boxwood plants to stakes using soft ties or flexible materials to prevent wind damage and promote straight, upright growth.

By following these planting guidelines, you can establish a well-positioned and properly installed boxwood hedge, setting the stage for healthy growth and development. After the initial planting, it’s important to provide ongoing care and maintenance to ensure the long-term health and vigor of the boxwood hedge.

Planting a boxwood hedge requires thoughtful consideration of the boxwood varieties, proper site selection, soil preparation, and meticulous planting techniques. By choosing the right boxwood varieties, selecting a suitable planting location, amending the soil, and following best practices for planting, you can establish a beautiful and enduring boxwood hedge in your garden or landscape. With the right care and maintenance, including routine watering, mulching, and vigilant pest and disease management, your boxwood hedge can become a timeless and elegant feature that enhances the beauty and structure of your outdoor space. Whether used as a formal border, a decorative element, or a defining feature in the garden, a well-planted boxwood hedge adds a touch of classic charm and sophistication to any landscape.

Boxwood Hedge Planting Techniques

Boxwood hedges are a popular choice for adding structure, privacy, and elegance to any garden or landscape. Their dense foliage, small leaves, and ability to be easily shaped make them an excellent choice for hedges. Boxwood hedges are not only aesthetically pleasing but also provide habitat and shelter for wildlife.

Before you start planting your boxwood hedge, it is important to choose the right variety of boxwood. There are several species and cultivars available, each with their own growth habits and preferences. Some popular boxwood varieties for hedges include "Green Velvet," "Wintergreen," "English boxwood," and "Japanese boxwood." Research the characteristics and adaptability of each variety in relation to your climate and soil conditions to select the most suitable one for your hedge.

Once you have selected the appropriate boxwood variety, it’s time to prepare the planting area. Boxwood hedges thrive in well-draining soil with a pH level between 6.0 and 7.5. It is advisable to conduct a soil test to determine the soil’s nutrient composition and pH level. If necessary, amend the soil by adding organic matter, such as compost or aged manure, to improve its fertility and drainage.

Boxwood hedges can be planted as bare-root, container-grown, or balled and burlapped plants. The best time to plant boxwoods is during early spring or late fall when temperatures are moderate and the plants have a better chance of establishing their root systems before facing extreme weather conditions. Follow these steps to ensure successful planting:

Dig a trench: Start by digging a trench that is twice as wide and slightly shallower than the root ball or container. The length of the trench will depend on the desired length of the hedge.
Prepare the root ball: If you are planting container-grown boxwoods, carefully remove the plant from its container and loosen the roots before planting. For balled and burlapped boxwoods, keep the burlap intact and remove any twine or wire around the root ball.
Place the boxwoods: Position the boxwoods uniformly along the trench, leaving enough space for their mature size and growth.
Backfill with soil: Fill the trench with the amended soil, ensuring that the soil is firmly packed around the roots. Avoid planting the boxwoods too deep, as this can lead to root rot.
Water thoroughly: Water the newly planted boxwoods generously to settle the soil and ensure good root-to-soil contact.

Proper Spacing And Layout

Proper spacing is crucial when planting a boxwood hedge to ensure healthy growth and prevent overcrowding. The spacing requirements will depend on the particular boxwood variety and your desired hedge height and width.

For low-growing boxwood hedges, a spacing of 12 to 18 inches between plants is suitable. This spacing allows the plants to fill in the gaps and form a dense hedge over time. For taller hedges, spacings of 18 to 24 inches or more may be appropriate. Remember to consider the mature size of the boxwoods when determining the spacing.

To achieve a straight and uniform hedge, it is beneficial to mark the planting line before digging the trench. Using stakes and a string line, establish a straight line along the desired hedge location. This will serve as a guide for planting the boxwoods evenly and symmetrically.

Watering And Irrigation Guidelines

Proper watering is crucial for the establishment and growth of boxwood hedges. Newly planted boxwoods require regular watering to help them develop strong root systems. Follow these guidelines to ensure adequate moisture:

Watering frequency: For the first few weeks after planting, water the boxwoods every two to three days to keep the soil consistently moist. As the plants establish and new growth appears, gradually reduce the frequency to once every seven to ten days.
Deep watering: It is important to water deeply, ensuring that the water penetrates the soil and reaches the roots. Shallow watering only wets the top layer of soil and may lead to weak and shallow root systems.
Irrigation systems: Consider installing a drip irrigation system or soaker hoses to provide a slow, steady source of water directly to the root zone of the boxwood hedge. This helps to minimize water loss through evaporation and ensures efficient water distribution.
Mulching: Apply a layer of organic mulch around the base of the boxwood hedge, leaving a small gap between the trunk and the mulch. Mulching helps retain soil moisture, regulate temperature, and suppress weed growth. However, avoid piling the mulch against the trunk, as this can lead to rot and disease.

Essential Maintenance And Pruning Tips

Regular maintenance and pruning are essential to keep your boxwood hedge healthy, dense, and well-shaped. Here are some important tips to follow:

Pruning schedule: Pruning should be done annually or biennially, depending on the growth rate and desired shape of the hedge. The best time to prune boxwood hedges is during late winter or early spring before new growth starts. This allows the plant to recover and heal before the stress of summer heat.
Pruning techniques: Use clean, sharp pruning shears or hedge trimmers to make clean cuts and minimize damage to the stems. Start by removing any dead or diseased branches, and then shape the hedge according to your desired style. Boxwoods respond well to both formal, sheared shapes and more informal, natural forms.
Encourage air circulation: Avoid over-pruning and excessive shearing, as this can lead to dense growth that inhibits air circulation and increases the risk of disease. Maintain an open, airy structure by selectively removing inner branches and thinning out dense areas.
Fertilization: Boxwoods benefit from periodic fertilization to ensure optimal growth and health. Apply a balanced slow-release fertilizer formulated for woody plants in early spring or late fall. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions for application rates based on the size and age of your boxwood hedge.
Pest and disease management: Boxwoods are generally resistant to pests and diseases, but they can occasionally be affected by issues such as boxwood blight, leafminer, aphids, or mites. Regularly inspect your hedge for any signs of pests or diseases, and take appropriate measures to manage and control them.

A well-planted and well-maintained boxwood hedge can be a stunning addition to any garden or landscape. By following the planting techniques, spacing guidelines, and care tips outlined in this comprehensive guide, you can create a healthy, thriving, and beautiful boxwood hedge that will provide privacy, structure, and elegance for years to come. Remember to choose the right variety of boxwood, prepare the soil properly, water and irrigate adequately, and regularly maintain and prune your hedge to ensure its long-term success. With patience and dedication, you can achieve the boxwood hedge of your dreams.

Fertilizing Boxwood Hedges

Boxwood (Buxus) is a popular evergreen shrub often used for creating hedges in gardens and landscapes. Known for its dense foliage and ability to be pruned into various shapes, boxwood hedges can add structure, privacy, and charm to any outdoor space. However, achieving a healthy and attractive boxwood hedge requires the correct planting and care techniques.

Proper fertilization is crucial for the healthy growth and development of boxwood hedges. Before planting, it is essential to enrich the soil with organic matter, such as compost or well-rotted manure, to improve its fertility and drainage. Here’s how to fertilize your boxwood hedge:

Soil Testing: Conduct a soil test before planting to determine its nutrient content and pH level. This will help you understand the specific fertilizer requirements of your boxwood hedge.
Choose the Right Fertilizer: Based on the results of the soil test, select a balanced slow-release fertilizer with a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium (NPK) ratio suitable for boxwood. A general recommendation is a fertilizer with an NPK ratio of 10-10-10 or 14-14-14.
Timing: Apply fertilizer to boxwood hedges in late winter or early spring, just before new growth begins. Avoid fertilizing in the fall, as it may promote late-season growth that can be susceptible to winter damage.
Application: Spread the fertilizer evenly around the base of the hedge, extending it to the drip line. Use a hand trowel or rake to gently work the fertilizer into the top inch of soil. Avoid direct contact between the fertilizer and the foliage, as it may cause burns.
Watering: After applying fertilizer, thoroughly water the hedge to help activate the nutrients and prevent fertilizer burn. Ensure the soil remains consistently moist, as boxwoods prefer slightly moist but well-draining soil.

Remember, over-fertilizing can be harmful to boxwood hedges, causing excessive growth and making them more susceptible to pests and diseases. It is always better to follow the recommended application rates and adjust accordingly based on the specific needs of your hedge.

Protecting Boxwood Hedges From Pests And Diseases

Boxwood hedges can face several pests and diseases that may impact their health and appearance. By taking preventive measures and promptly addressing emerging issues, you can protect your boxwood hedge from potential damage. Here are some vital steps to consider:

Inspect Regularly: Regularly inspect your boxwood hedge for signs of pests or diseases. Look out for yellowing leaves, discoloration, abnormal growth, webbing, or any other unusual symptoms.
Good Hygiene: Promote good hygiene practices by removing fallen leaves and debris, as they can harbor pests and diseases. Also, avoid overhead watering, as it can create a favorable environment for fungal diseases.
Preventive Sprays: Apply insecticidal soaps or horticultural oils to control common pests like aphids, mites, and scale insects. It is advisable to use organic or least-toxic products to minimize the impact on beneficial insects.
Fungicide Applications: If your boxwood hedge is susceptible to fungal diseases like boxwood blight or root rot, consider applying fungicides according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Timely treatments can help manage and prevent the spread of diseases.
Proper Pruning: Maintain good airflow and reduce the risk of fungal infections by pruning your boxwood hedge to promote inner foliage growth. Prune any dead, diseased, or damaged branches promptly.
Resistant Cultivars: Consider planting disease-resistant boxwood cultivars, such as “Green Velvet”, “Green Mountain”, or “Wintergreen”, which show greater resistance to common boxwood diseases.

Remember, early detection and intervention are key to managing pest and disease issues effectively. Regular monitoring and understanding the specific vulnerabilities of boxwood hedges will help you take appropriate preventive measures.

Winter Care And Protection

Winter can pose significant challenges for boxwood hedges, especially in areas with harsh or prolonged cold weather. To ensure the survival and vitality of your hedge, consider the following winter care tips:

Hydration: Before the ground freezes, give your boxwood hedge a good watering to ensure it enters winter well-hydrated. Moist soil will help the plants withstand winter dryness and reduce the risk of dehydration.
Mulching: Apply a layer of organic mulch around the base of the hedge, extending it to the drip line. Mulch acts as an insulator, protecting the roots from extreme temperature fluctuations and reducing weed growth. Use a 2-4 inch layer of shredded bark, wood chips, or leaf compost.
Anti-Desiccant Spray: In cold and windy regions, consider applying an anti-desiccant spray to the foliage of your boxwood hedge. This will help reduce moisture loss due to winter wind and maintain the health of your plants.
Wind Protection: Construct a wind barrier around the hedge using burlap or other suitable materials. This will shield the plants from desiccating winds and prevent winter damage.
Avoid De-Icing Salts: Keep de-icing salts and chemicals away from your boxwood hedge, as they can leach into the soil and cause harm. If necessary, use sand or alternative ice-melting agents that are less damaging to plants.
Snow Removal: After heavy snowfall, gently brush off excess snow from the hedge to prevent branches from breaking under the weight. Avoid using shovels or other sharp tools that may damage the plants.

By implementing these winter care measures, you can safeguard your boxwood hedge from the adverse effects of freezing temperatures, drying winds, and other winter hazards.

Troubleshooting Common Boxwood Hedge Issues

Despite your best efforts, boxwood hedges may still face certain challenges and exhibit specific issues. Understanding these problems and their solutions will help you address them effectively. Here are a few common issues you may encounter:

Yellowing Leaves: Yellowing of boxwood leaves can indicate various problems, including nutrient deficiencies, overwatering, poor drainage, or even pests. Conduct a thorough inspection to identify the cause and take appropriate action, such as adjusting watering practices or applying fertilizers.
Winter Burn: Winter burn occurs when boxwood foliage turns brown or bronze due to excessive water loss during winter. Providing ample hydration before winter, using anti-desiccant sprays, or placing wind barriers can help prevent this issue.
Boxwood Blight: Boxwood blight is a fungal disease that can cause severe damage to boxwood hedges. Look for symptoms such as dark spots on leaves, defoliation, and cankers on stems. If detected, promptly remove and destroy infected plants, and carefully clean tools to prevent further spread. Avoid planting susceptible varieties close to each other.
Root Rot: Root rot is a common problem caused by overly saturated soil, leading to root damage and eventual decline of the plant. To prevent root rot, ensure proper drainage, avoid overwatering, and consider the use of well-draining soil amendments during planting.
Pest Infestation: Boxwood can attract pests like aphids, mites, and scale insects. Regularly monitor your hedge for signs of infestation and take appropriate action such as pruning affected branches, applying insecticidal soaps or oils, or introducing beneficial insects like ladybugs.
Improper Pruning: Poor pruning practices, such as excessive shearing or cutting into old wood, can result in sparse foliage, bare patches, or an unnatural appearance. Follow proper pruning techniques, such as selective pruning to encourage inner growth and maintaining the desired shape.

Remember, prevention is the best strategy for addressing most hedge issues. By ensuring good cultural practices, regular monitoring, and prompt action, you can maintain a healthy and thriving boxwood hedge.

Conclusion

Planting and maintaining a boxwood hedge requires attention to detail and proper care techniques. By following the guidelines outlined in this article, you can create a beautiful and healthy boxwood hedge that adds beauty and structure to your garden. Remember to fertilize appropriately, protect against pests and diseases, provide winter care, and troubleshoot common issues. With the right approach, your boxwood hedge will flourish and become a lasting source of joy in your outdoor space.

FAQS

What Is The Best Time Of Year To Plant A Boxwood Hedge?

The best time to plant a boxwood hedge is in the early spring or late fall when temperatures are mild and there is adequate moisture in the soil. This allows the plant to establish its roots before the heat of summer or the cold of winter sets in.

How Far Apart Should I Space My Boxwood Plants When Planting A Hedge?

For a traditional boxwood hedge, space the plants 12-18 inches apart, measuring from the center of one plant to the center of the next. For a denser hedge, you can space them 6-12 inches apart.

What Type Of Soil Should I Use To Plant My Boxwood Hedge?

Boxwood prefers well-draining, slightly acidic soil. If your soil is heavy or clay-based, it is recommended to mix in some organic matter, such as compost, to improve drainage.

How Much Sunlight Does A Boxwood Hedge Need?

Boxwood hedges thrive in partial shade to full sun, although they may experience burning in extreme heat or intense sunlight. If planting in an area with full sun, make sure to keep the soil consistently moist.

How Often Should I Water My Newly Planted Boxwood Hedge?

Water your newly planted boxwood hedge deeply once a week, making sure to soak the entire root system. In hot or dry climates, you may need to water more frequently. As the hedge becomes established, you can gradually reduce watering to every 10-14 days.