How To Plant Tomatillos [ Full Guide ]

December 9, 2024
/ Planting Tips

Tomatillos, also known as Mexican husk tomatoes, are a versatile and flavorful addition to any garden. These small, green fruits are commonly used in Mexican cuisine to make sauces, salsas, and other dishes. If you are looking to grow tomatillos in your garden, this guide will walk you through the process, from choosing the right variety to preparing the soil and sowing the seeds.

Tomatillos belong to the nightshade family, along with tomatoes, peppers, and eggplants. Growing your own tomatillos can be a rewarding experience, as they are relatively easy to cultivate and can thrive in a variety of climates. Before you start planting tomatillos, it’s important to understand the specific requirements and considerations involved in their cultivation.

Quick Answer: How To Plant Tomatillos

Planting tomatillos involves selecting the right variety, preparing the soil, and sowing the seeds or transplanting seedlings. Here is a quick overview of the steps involved in planting tomatillos:

Choose a suitable variety of tomatillos based on your climate and garden size.
Prepare the soil by ensuring it is well-drained, fertile, and receives plenty of sunlight.
Sow tomatillo seeds indoors or directly in the garden after the last frost date in your area.
Provide consistent watering and care to support the growth of healthy tomatillo plants.
Harvest the tomatillos once they have reached their full size and have filled out their husks.

Now, let’s delve deeper into each of these steps to gain a more comprehensive understanding of how to successfully plant and grow tomatillos in your garden.

Choosing The Right Variety Of Tomatillos

Selecting the right variety of tomatillos is crucial for successful growth, as it will largely determine the plant’s ability to thrive in your specific growing conditions. When choosing a variety of tomatillos, consider factors such as climate, space availability, and intended culinary use. Here are some popular tomatillo varieties and their characteristics:

1. Green Husk Tomatillo (Physalis Ixocarpa)

Description: This is the most common type of tomatillo with a papery, light green husk.
Suitable for: Green husk tomatillos are well-suited for most regions and are versatile in their culinary applications.
Growing specifics: They typically reach a height of 3–4 feet when mature and produce plentiful fruit.

2. Purple Tomatillo (Physalis Ixocarpa)

Description: As the name suggests, this variety yields purple-tinged fruits encased in a papery husk.
Suitable for: Purple tomatillos are prized for their unique color and slightly sweeter flavor.
Growing specifics: They have similar growing requirements to green husk tomatillos and can thrive in various climates.

3. Toma Verde Tomatillo (Physalis Ixocarpa)

Description: Toma Verde tomatillos produce large, golf ball-sized fruits with a green husk.
Suitable for: This variety is suitable for regions with longer growing seasons and consistently warmer temperatures.
Growing specifics: Toma Verde tomatillos may require a longer growing period, making them ideal for warmer climates.

Before deciding on a specific variety, it’s important to consider your local climate, the length of your growing season, and the space available in your garden. Additionally, keep in mind the intended use of the tomatillos, as different varieties may have subtle differences in taste and texture.

Preparing The Soil For Planting

Proper soil preparation is essential for the successful growth of tomatillos. Tomatillos thrive in well-drained, fertile soil with a slightly acidic to neutral pH. Here’s how to prepare the soil for planting tomatillos:

1. Soil Testing

Before planting tomatillos, it’s advisable to conduct a soil test to determine the pH and nutrient levels of your garden soil. Many local agricultural extension services offer soil testing kits, or you can opt for a professional soil analysis. Based on the results, you may need to amend the soil to create the ideal growing conditions for tomatillos.

2. Soil Amendments

If the soil test reveals imbalances in pH or nutrient levels, you can make necessary amendments to improve the soil quality. Common soil amendments for tomatillos may include:

Organic Matter: Adding compost, well-rotted manure, or other organic matter can enhance soil fertility and drainage.
pH Adjustment: If the soil pH is too acidic or alkaline, you can adjust it by incorporating lime to raise the pH or sulfur to lower it.
Balanced Fertilizer: Consider adding a balanced fertilizer with a higher phosphorus content to promote healthy root development and fruit production.

3. Soil Conditioning

Prior to planting, loosen the soil to a depth of at least 12 inches using a garden fork or tiller. This will improve aeration and drainage, making it easier for the tomatillo roots to establish themselves.

4. Sunlight Considerations

Ensure that the planting site receives ample sunlight, ideally at least 6-8 hours of direct sunlight per day. Tomatillos thrive in full sun and require sufficient light for optimal growth and fruit production.

By preparing the soil carefully and providing optimal growing conditions, you can create an environment that will support healthy tomatillo plants.

Sowing Tomatillo Seeds

Once the soil is prepared, it’s time to sow tomatillo seeds or transplant seedlings into the garden. The timing of planting tomatillos is critical, as they require a long growing season to reach maturity. Here’s how to sow tomatillo seeds and care for the seedlings as they grow:

1. Starting Seeds Indoors

In regions with shorter growing seasons or cooler climates, starting tomatillo seeds indoors is recommended. Begin this process 6-8 weeks before the last expected frost date in your area. Here’s how to start tomatillo seeds indoors:

Seed Trays: Use seed-starting trays or small pots filled with a high-quality seed-starting mix.
Seed Planting: Plant 2-3 tomatillo seeds per pot, as not all seeds may germinate. Press the seeds lightly into the soil, covering them with a thin layer of the seed-starting mix.
Watering: Keep the soil consistently moist, but not waterlogged, to aid germination. Place the trays in a warm location or use a seedling heat mat to help maintain a consistently warm soil temperature.
Light Exposure: Once the seeds have germinated, provide ample light to prevent leggy growth. A south-facing window or grow lights can be used to ensure adequate light for the seedlings.

2. Transplanting Seedlings

When the last frost date has passed and the seedlings have developed at least two sets of true leaves, they are ready to be transplanted outdoors. Here’s how to transplant tomatillo seedlings into the garden:

Plant Spacing: Allow 24-36 inches of space between each tomatillo plant to provide ample room for growth.
Amending Soil: Dig a hole slightly larger than the root ball of each seedling and amend the soil with compost or balanced fertilizer.
Careful Handling: Gently remove the seedlings from their pots, taking care not to disturb the roots excessively. Plant them at the same depth as they were in their pots, and water the transplanted seedlings thoroughly.

3. Direct Sowing

In regions with longer growing seasons and milder climates, tomatillo seeds can be sown directly into the garden after the last frost date. Follow these steps for direct sowing tomatillo seeds:

Seed Depth: Plant the tomatillo seeds 1/4 inch deep in well-prepared soil, spacing them 24-36 inches apart in rows or raised beds.
Watering: Water the newly sown seeds gently to avoid displacing them, and keep the soil consistently moist until the seedlings emerge.

Whichever method you choose, ensuring that the tomatillo plants receive adequate water, light, and nutrients is crucial for their successful growth. Additionally, consider providing support for the plants, such as staking or caging, to prevent the heavy fruit-laden branches from bending or breaking.

Growing tomatillos can be a rewarding endeavor, offering a fresh supply of flavorful fruits for culinary use. By selecting the right variety, preparing the soil, and sowing the seeds at the appropriate time, you can establish healthy tomatillo plants that will thrive and produce an abundant harvest. With proper care, including consistent watering, sunlight exposure, and appropriate soil nutrients, you can look forward to a bountiful yield of tomatillos to enjoy in your favorite recipes. Whether you are a gardening enthusiast or a cooking aficionado, cultivating tomatillos in your garden can bring joy and satisfaction as you witness the fruits of your labor flourish.

Transplanting Tomatillo Seedlings

Tomatillos, also known as Mexican husk tomatoes, are a staple in Mexican cuisine. These tart and tangy fruits are used in a variety of dishes, including salsas and sauces. If you’re a fan of tomatillos and want to enjoy them straight from your garden, you’ll need to know how to plant and care for them properly.

Tomatillos are best grown from transplants rather than direct seeding. Start your tomatillo journey by germinating the seeds indoors, preferably 6-8 weeks before the desired outdoor planting date. Follow these steps to successfully transplant tomatillo seedlings into your garden:

Fill seedling trays or small pots with a well-draining seed starting mix. Make sure the tray or pot has drainage holes at the bottom.
Plant two to three tomatillo seeds per cell or pot, about ¼ inch deep. Cover the seeds with a thin layer of soil and gently pat it down.
Place the trays or pots in a warm location with indirect sunlight. Maintain a temperature between 70-80°F (21-27°C) to encourage germination. Also, ensure that the soil remains consistently moist but not waterlogged.
Germination typically takes 7-14 days. Once the seedlings have emerged, provide them with ample light by placing them under grow lights or in a sunny window. Rotate the trays periodically to promote even growth.
After the seedlings develop their first set of true leaves, which are the leaves that resemble the mature foliage, it’s time to thin them out. Select the healthiest and strongest-looking seedling in each cell or pot and snip off the rest at the soil level to prevent overcrowding.
About a week before transplanting, gradually expose the seedlings to outdoor conditions by placing them outdoors for a few hours each day. Start with a sheltered and shaded area, avoiding strong winds and direct sunlight.
Before transplanting, prepare the garden soil by incorporating organic matter, such as compost or well-rotted manure, to improve fertility and drainage. Tomatillos prefer a slightly acidic soil with a pH level between 5.5 and 7.0.
Dig holes in the prepared soil that are slightly larger than the size of the seedling root ball. Space the holes approximately 3-4 feet apart, as tomatillos can spread and require room to grow.
Gently remove the seedlings from their containers, being careful not to damage the roots. If the root ball is tightly bound, loosen it slightly using your fingers.
Place the seedlings in the prepared holes, making sure that the top of the root ball is level with the surrounding soil. Fill in the hole with soil and firm it gently to remove any air pockets.

Proper Spacing And Sunlight Requirements

Tomatillos are vigorous plants that can grow up to 4-5 feet tall and require ample space for proper growth and air circulation. Additionally, they need plenty of sunlight to thrive. Here are some tips for spacing and providing adequate sunlight for your tomatillo plants:

Space the tomatillo plants at least 3-4 feet apart to avoid overcrowding. This spacing allows each plant to have enough room for growth, airflow, and access to sunlight.
Choose a planting location that receives full sun. Tomatillos need a minimum of 6-8 hours of direct sunlight daily to promote vigorous growth and ensure optimal fruit production.
If your garden doesn’t have a spot that receives full sun throughout the day, choose an area that gets morning sun, as it is more beneficial than afternoon sun. Morning sun helps dry the dew on the foliage, reducing the risk of diseases.
Consider planting tomatillos on the north side of your garden to prevent shading other sun-loving plants. Alternatively, position taller plants or structures on the north side of the tomatillo plants, ensuring they won’t cast shadows on the tomatillo bed.
If you’re growing tomatillos in containers or raised beds, ensure they are large enough to accommodate the plants’ root systems. Container-grown tomatillo plants will also appreciate being moved around to maximize their sun exposure.

Watering And Fertilizing Tomatillos

Proper watering and fertilization are vital to the health and productivity of tomatillo plants. These steps will guide you on the best practices for watering and fertilizing your tomatillo plants:

Watering Tomatillos

Tomatillos prefer a consistently moist but not waterlogged soil. Water deeply once a week, supplying approximately 1-1.5 inches of water. This allows the water to penetrate deeply into the soil and encourages the plants to develop strong and extensive root systems.
Avoid overhead watering, such as sprinkler systems, as wet foliage can increase the risk of foliar diseases. Instead, consider using drip irrigation or soaker hoses to deliver water directly to the plant’s base.
Regularly monitor the soil moisture levels by inserting your finger into the soil. If it feels dry up to the second knuckle, it’s time to water. Adjust the watering frequency based on the weather conditions, as hotter and drier environments may require more frequent watering.

Fertilizing Tomatillos

Before planting tomatillos, amend the soil with organic matter, such as compost or well-rotted manure. This provides a good base of nutrients for the plants to thrive.
When the seedlings have been transplanted into the garden, wait for about four weeks before applying the first round of fertilizer. Use a balanced, slow-release fertilizer with a ratio of 10-10-10 or similar. Apply the fertilizer according to the recommended dosage on the packaging.
After the initial application, fertilize the tomatillo plants every 4-6 weeks throughout the growing season. Opt for a water-soluble or liquid fertilizer specifically formulated for fruiting vegetables or tomatoes. Follow the instructions on the fertilizer package to determine the appropriate dosage and frequency.
When applying the fertilizer, ensure that it is distributed evenly around the base of the plants, avoiding contact with the foliage. Water the plants immediately after fertilizing to help the nutrients penetrate the soil.

Supporting Tomatillo Plants

As tomatillo plants grow, they can become top-heavy with their wiry and sprawling branches. Supporting the plants is crucial to prevent them from toppling over and ensure easy access to the fruits. Follow these guidelines to provide adequate support for your tomatillo plants:

Install support structures shortly after transplanting the seedlings to prevent damaging the roots later on. Strong winds or heavy rain can easily break delicate tomatillo branches.
Choose a support structure that is sturdy and tall enough to accommodate the height of mature tomatillo plants. Options include trellises, cages, stakes, or a combination of these depending on your preference and available resources.
If using a stake, drive it into the ground about 1 foot deep and place it near the base of the plant without damaging the roots. Gently tie the main stem to the stake using soft plant ties, allowing enough slack for the stem to thicken without constriction.
For trellises or cages, position them around the tomatillo plants at the time of planting. Guide the plants to grow through the support as they grow. The branches will begin to twine around the support, providing stability.
Regularly inspect the support structures and adjust them as needed throughout the growing season. Prune any branches that are overgrowing or crowding nearby structures to maintain proper airflow and prevent diseases.

Growing tomatillos can be a rewarding experience, especially for those who enjoy using these versatile fruits in their culinary endeavors. By following the steps outlined in this article, from transplanting seedlings to providing proper spacing, sunlight, water, and support, you can cultivate healthy and productive tomatillo plants. With a little care and patience, you’ll soon be able to enjoy an abundance of flavorful tomatillos straight from your garden.

Pruning And Maintaining Tomatillo Plants

Tomatillos, also known as Mexican husk tomatoes, are a versatile and flavorful addition to any garden. These small green fruits are a staple in Mexican cuisine, commonly used in salsas, sauces, and other dishes.

Tomatillos belong to the Solanaceae family, which includes other beloved garden favorites like tomatoes and peppers. These plants are native to Mexico and Central America, but they can be grown in a range of climates, from tropical to temperate regions.

Before you start planting tomatillos, it’s important to understand their growth requirements. Tomatillos thrive in full sun and well-draining soil with a pH range of 6 to 7.5. They can be grown directly in the ground or in containers, making them suitable for both traditional garden settings and smaller spaces like patios or balconies.

Proper pruning and maintenance are crucial for ensuring healthy and productive tomatillo plants. Here are some key steps to follow:

Transplanting

If you’re starting your tomatillo plants from seeds, they will need to be transplanted once they have reached a height of 6 to 8 inches and established several sets of true leaves. It’s important to handle the delicate seedlings with care to avoid damage to their tender roots.

When transplanting, choose a location in your garden or container that receives full sun. Dig a hole slightly larger than the root ball of the seedling and gently place the plant in the hole, making sure it is at the same depth it was in its original container. Firmly tamp the soil around the base of the plant to provide stability.

Stake And Support

As tomatillo plants grow, they can become top-heavy due to their vigorous growth and abundant fruit production. To prevent the plants from falling over or the branches from breaking under the weight of the fruit, it is recommended to stake and support them.

Drive a sturdy stake into the ground, near the base of each tomatillo plant, when they are still young. Tie the main stem of the plant to the stake using soft plant ties or strips of cloth. As the plant continues to grow, secure additional branches to the stake to keep them upright.

Watering

Tomatillo plants require regular and consistent watering. They typically thrive with about 1 to 1.5 inches of water per week. It’s important to water deeply, ensuring that the water reaches the roots. Shallow watering can lead to weak and shallow root growth.

To prevent water stress and encourage deep root development, water the plants early in the morning or late in the evening when the evaporation rate is lower. Avoid wetting the foliage, as this can lead to the development of fungal diseases.

Mulching

Mulching around your tomatillo plants can be beneficial in several ways. Mulch helps retain soil moisture, suppresses weed growth, and regulates soil temperature. Apply a layer of organic mulch, such as straw or wood chips, around the base of the plants, taking care not to pile it against the stems.

Pests And Diseases To Watch Out For

While tomatillo plants are generally hardy and less susceptible to pests and diseases compared to other plants in the Solanaceae family, it’s important to monitor them for any signs of trouble. Here are a few pests and diseases you should watch out for:

Aphids

Aphids are tiny insects that can infest the leaves and stems of tomatillo plants, sucking sap from the plant and causing wilting and yellowing of the foliage. To control aphids, you can spray the affected plants with a strong stream of water to knock off the insects or use organic insecticidal soap. Ladybugs and lacewings are natural predators of aphids and can help keep their populations in check.

Tomato Hornworms

Tomato hornworms are large green caterpillars that can quickly defoliate tomatillo plants if left unchecked. These pests blend in with the foliage, making them difficult to spot. To control tomato hornworms, inspect your plants regularly and remove any caterpillars you find by hand. You can also introduce natural predators like parasitic wasps or use organic insecticides labeled for caterpillar control.

Fusarium Wilt

Fusarium wilt is a soilborne fungal disease that affects the roots of tomatillo plants, causing yellowing and wilting of the foliage. Infected plants may eventually die. To prevent fusarium wilt, ensure proper soil drainage and avoid overwatering. Rotate your crops each year, as the fungus can persist in the soil. If you suspect that your plants are infected, remove and destroy the affected plants to prevent the spread of the disease.

Harvesting Tomatillos

Tomatillos are typically ready for harvest about two to three months after planting, depending on the variety. Here are some tips to help you determine when your tomatillos are ripe and ready to be harvested:

Color

Tomatillos are usually harvested when they are green and firm. As they ripen, the fruits may turn slightly yellowish or purple, depending on the variety. Avoid harvesting tomatillos that are still small and hard, as they are not fully mature and may lack the desired flavor.

Size

Mature tomatillos are generally about the size of a golf ball or slightly larger. However, the size can vary depending on the variety you are growing. It’s a good practice to familiarize yourself with the expected size range for the specific variety you have planted.

Husk Texture

The husk surrounding the tomatillo fruit is an excellent indicator of maturity. When the husks have loosened, turned papery, and started to split, it’s a sign that the tomatillos are ripe and ready for harvest. Gently press the fruit inside the husk to check for firmness.

Harvesting Technique

To harvest tomatillos, grasp the fruit firmly but gently and twist it away from the stem, detaching it from the plant. It’s essential to handle the fruits with care to avoid bruising or damaging them. Use pruning shears or scissors if necessary, but avoid tearing the husks, as this can compromise the fruit’s quality.

Storing And Using Fresh Tomatillos

Freshly harvested tomatillos can be stored for a reasonable amount of time with proper handling and storage techniques. Here’s how you can store and use your tomatillos:

Storage

To store fresh tomatillos, remove the husks and wash the fruits under cool running water to remove any dirt or debris. Pat them dry with a towel or allow them to air dry completely. Store the tomatillos in a single layer in a well-ventilated container, such as a shallow tray or basket. Keep them in a cool, dry place like a pantry or refrigerator, away from direct sunlight. Properly stored tomatillos can typically stay fresh for up to two weeks.

Cooking And Using

Tomatillos are incredibly versatile in the kitchen and can be used in a variety of culinary creations. Here are a few popular ways to use fresh tomatillos:

Salsas: Tomatillos are a key ingredient in traditional Mexican salsa verde. Simply blend them with onions, garlic, chili peppers, and cilantro for a flavorful and tangy salsa.
Sauces: Tomatillos can be cooked down to create a delicious sauce that complements grilled meats, enchiladas, or even as a base for pozole.
Soups and stews: Add chopped tomatillos to soups and stews to infuse them with a tart and citrusy flavor.
Roasting and grilling: Roasting or grilling tomatillos enhances their flavor and imparts a smoky taste. This method is perfect for making roasted salsa or as an accompaniment to grilled meats.
Pickling: Tomatillos can be pickled for an extended shelf life and a tangy addition to sandwiches, tacos, or salads.

Conclusion

Planting tomatillos is a rewarding endeavor that can give you access to fresh and flavorful fruits for your culinary adventures. With the right care and maintenance, you can enjoy a bountiful harvest of tomatillos to enhance your favorite Mexican dishes and experiment with new recipes.

Remember to provide your tomatillo plants with adequate support, water them consistently, and monitor for any potential pest or disease issues. When the time comes to harvest, look for the telltale signs of ripeness, such as changes in color and husk texture.

With proper storage and creative culinary ideas, you can make the most of your tomatillo harvest and savor their unique flavor throughout the year. So, roll up your sleeves, get your gardening tools ready, and enjoy the process of planting and caring for your own tomatillo plants.

FAQS

Why Should I Grow Tomatillos In My Garden?

Tomatillos are a great addition to any garden as they are easy to grow, have a long growing season, and can be used in a variety of delicious recipes.

When Is The Best Time To Plant Tomatillos?

Tomatillos should be planted in early spring, after the last frost has passed, for optimal growth. They need warm soil and air temperatures to thrive.

How Do I Prepare The Soil For Tomatillo Planting?

Prepare the soil for tomatillos by loosening it to a depth of 12-18 inches and adding organic matter such as compost or aged manure. Tomatillos prefer well-drained, fertile soil with a pH range of 6.0-7.0.

How Far Apart Should I Plant Tomatillos In My Garden?

Tomatillos should be planted 2-3 feet apart to allow room for them to grow and spread. If planting multiple rows, space them at least 3 feet apart.

How Often Should I Water Tomatillos?

Tomatillos need consistent moisture to grow and produce fruit. Water them deeply once or twice per week, depending on weather conditions. Keep the soil evenly moist, but not waterlogged, to prevent root rot.